How are registers saved in interrupts?

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i reading article:  http://www.uchobby.com/index.php/2007/11/24/arduino-interrupts/  where trying see how main program slows down while high-frequency interrupts running.
it seems there little overhead in addition user-supplied interrupt service routine. how possible?   :o  one might expect plenty of stuff (program counter, status/flag registers, 32 cpu registers) has pushed popped stack main program able continue if nothing happened.
is there smarter solution implemented?  are there 2 sets of cpu -registers, 1 interrupts , 1 main program?
or compiler allocate, say, 16 registers use main program , 16 interrupts don't need saved?

as part of function call/return code overhead, compiler generates code save , restore registers function uses.

more compiler magic. :)

-j


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